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arXiv2021

NoFADE: Analyzing Diminishing Returns on CO2 Investment

Novel entropy-based metric to quantify model-dataset-complexity relationships and analyze environmental impact of CV methods.

Published at arXiv Preprint

Authors

Andre Fu, Justin Tran, Andy Xie, Jonathan Spraggett, Elisa Ding, Chang-Won Lee, Kanav Singla, Mahdi S. Hosseini, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Abstract

Climate change is a pressing issue affecting society, and the Computer Vision community should take steps to limit its environmental impact. This paper analyzes the effect of diminishing returns on CV methods and proposes NoFADE, a novel entropy-based metric to quantify model-dataset-complexity relationships.

Key Contributions

  1. NoFADE Metric: We introduce an entropy-based metric that quantifies the relationship between model complexity, dataset difficulty, and performance gains.
  1. Saturation Analysis: We show that some CV tasks are reaching saturation, while others are almost fully saturated.
  1. Agnostic Comparison Platform: NoFADE allows the CV community to compare models and datasets on a similar basis.

The Problem

As models grow larger and training becomes more compute-intensive, the environmental cost of marginal performance improvements increases dramatically. Understanding diminishing returns is crucial for sustainable AI development.

Methodology

  • Analyze performance curves across multiple CV benchmarks
  • Compute entropy-based complexity measures
  • Quantify the relationship between compute investment and accuracy gains

Key Findings

Many popular benchmarks show signs of saturation where additional computational investment yields minimal improvements. This suggests the community should focus on efficiency and new problem formulations rather than scaling existing approaches.

Impact

This work encourages the CV community to consider environmental impact when designing experiments and to focus resources on problems where significant progress is still achievable.

Cite This Work

@article{Fu2021NoFADE,
    title   = {NoFADE: Analyzing Diminishing Returns on CO2 Investment},
    author  = {Fu, Andre and Tran, Justin and Xie, Andy and Spraggett, Jonathan and Ding, Elisa and Lee, Chang-Won and Singla, Kanav and Hosseini, Mahdi S. and Plataniotis, Konstantinos N.},
    journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.14059},
    year    = {2021}
}